чеша

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *česati.

Pronunciation

  • че́ша: IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛʃɐ]

Verb

че́ша • (čéša) first-singular present indicativeimpf (perfective че́свам)

  1. (intransitive) to be scratching
  2. (transitive) to scratch, to hack
  3. (transitive) to comb (wool), to hackle (flax)
  4. (reflexive with се) to scratch (an itch)
    Synonym: дръ́гна се (drǎ́gna se)

Conjugation

Alternative forms

  • че́шам (čéšam)dialectal

Derived terms

  • вчеша pf (včeša), вчесвам impf (včesvam)
  • зачеша pf (začeša), зачесвам impf (začesvam)
  • изчеша pf (izčeša), изчесвам impf (izčesvam)
  • начеша pf (načeša), начесвам impf (načesvam)
  • почеша pf (počeša), почесвам impf (počesvam)
  • разчеша pf (razčeša), разчесвам impf (razčesvam)
  • счеша pf (sčeša), счесвам impf (sčesvam)
  • чешу́ля (češúlja), чешу́лка (češúlka), шушу́лка (šušúlka, follicle)

References

  • чеша”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • чеша”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *česati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛʃa]

Verb

чеша • (češa) third-singular presentimpf (perfective почеша or исчеша, diminutive чешка)

  1. (intransitive) to scratch, itch
  2. (transitive) to scratch

Usage notes

  • When used transitively, this verb only refers to scratching skin due to an itch. In contexts such as "scratch a surface", the verb "гребе" (also meaning "scrape") is used.

Conjugation

Conjugation of чеша (imperfective, present in )
l-participles imperfect aorist non-finite forms
masculine чешал (češal) adjectival participle чешан (češan)
feminine чешала (češala) adverbial participle чешајќи (češajḱi)
neuter чешало (češalo) verbal noun чешање (češanje)
plural чешале (češale) perfect participle чешано (češano)
finite forms present imperfect aorist imperative
1st singular чешам (češam) чешав (češav)
2nd singular чешаш (češaš) чешаше (češaše) чешај (češaj)
3rd singular чеша (češa) чешаше (češaše)
1st plural чешаме (češame) чешавме (češavme)
2nd plural чешате (češate) чешавте (češavte) чешајте (češajte)
3rd plural чешаат (češaat) чешаа (češaa)
compound tenses
perfect сум чешал (sum češal) present of сум (except in the 3rd person) +
imperfect l-participle
има-perfect имам чешано (imam češano) present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect бев чешал (bev češal) imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect имав чешано (imav češano) imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported сум имал чешано (sum imal češano) perfect of има + perfect participle
future ќе чешам (ḱe češam) ќе + present
има-future ќе имам чешано (ḱe imam češano) future of има + perfect participle
future in the past ќе чешав (ḱe češav) ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past ќе имав чешано (ḱe imav češano) future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported ќе сум чешал (ḱe sum češal) ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported ќе сум имал чешано (ḱe sum imal češano) future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional би чешал (bi češal) би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional би имал чешано (bi imal češano) conditional of има + perfect participle