جلهم
Arabic
Etymology
From Middle Persian, equivalent to the well-known Ottoman Turkish جهری (cehri, “buckthorn, shrub of yellowberry”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒal.ham/, /d͡ʒul.hum/
Noun
جَلْهَم or جُلْهُم • (jalham or julhum) m
- (obsolete) buckthorn or certain species thereof, yellowberry, Persian berry (Rhamnus infectoria, Rhamnus amygdalina, Rhamnus lycioides subsp. oleoides)
- a. 1050, مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ], edited by Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ] [On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs], Leiden: Brill, published 2020, , →ISBN, 186 (fol. 18r,15), page 374:
- الجلهم هو العوسج الأسود منه.
- Jalham is boxthorn, in the same author [Kunnāš by Ibn Isḥāq, who died a. 950, and compiled from an even older Mashriqi plant list].
- a. 1248, ابن البيطار [Ibn al-Bayṭār], الجامع لمفردات الأدوية والأغذية [De simplicibus medicinis opus magnum]:
- جلهم: قيل: هو العوسج الأسود أسود العود والثمرة وورقه شبيه بورق الآس الجبلي، وله زهرة صغيرة تضرب إلى الصفرة
- Jalham: It is said to be black boxthorn, of black wood, and the fruit and its leaves similar to the mountain myrtle, and it has small blossoms of a colour tending towards yellow.
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | جَلْهَم; جُلْهُم jalham; julhum |
الْجَلْهَم; الْجُلْهُم al-jalham; al-julhum |
جَلْهَم; جُلْهُم jalham; julhum |
| nominative | جَلْهَمٌ; جُلْهُمٌ jalhamun; julhumun |
الْجَلْهَمُ; الْجُلْهُمُ al-jalhamu; al-julhumu |
جَلْهَمُ; جُلْهُمُ jalhamu; julhumu |
| accusative | جَلْهَمًا; جُلْهُمًا jalhaman; julhuman |
الْجَلْهَمَ; الْجُلْهُمَ al-jalhama; al-julhuma |
جَلْهَمَ; جُلْهُمَ jalhama; julhuma |
| genitive | جَلْهَمٍ; جُلْهُمٍ jalhamin; julhumin |
الْجَلْهَمِ; الْجُلْهُمِ al-jalhami; al-julhumi |
جَلْهَمِ; جُلْهُمِ jalhami; julhumi |