گرسنه

Persian

Etymology

Seemingly inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwlsk /⁠gursag⁠/, “hungry”), but the correspondence is irregular.^[1] Apparently influenced by (and probably from the same origin as) the synonym Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšnk' /⁠gušnag⁠/, “hungry”), which is the source for the regular modern colloquial word (gošne, “hungry”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ɡu.ɾus.ˈna/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊ.ɾɪs.nǽ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊʃ.nǽ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ɾis.nǽ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥o.ɹos.né]
- (Tehrani) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥oʃ.né]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ɾus.nǽ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	gurusna
Dari reading^?	gurisna
Iranian reading^?	gorosne
Tajik reading^?	gurusna

Audio (Iran): (file)

Adjective


Iranian Persian	گرسنه
Dari	گرسنه
Tajik	гурусна

گُرُسنه • (gorosne) (comparative گُرُسنه‌تَر, superlative گُرُسنه‌تَرین)

(literary) hungry
(literary) ― gorosne hastam. ― I am hungry.

(colloquial Iranian) ― gošna-m-e. ― I'm hungry.

Usage notes

(gošne), which is actually from a different Middle Persian word, is used colloquially in both Iran and Afghanistan. However, (gošne) is usually considered the colloquial form of (gorosne) rather than a different word.

Derived terms

گرسنگی (gorosnegi, “hunger”)

References

^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gursag”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

[1] MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gursag”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

[1]