힘내다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Beonyeok nogeoldae (飜譯老乞大 / 번역노걸대), 1517, as Middle Korean 힘내다 (Yale: himnayta). From 힘 (him, “power, force”) + 내— (nae-, “to pull forth, to produce”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [çimnɛda̠] ~ [çimne̞da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [힘내다/힘네다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | himnaeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | himnaeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | himnaeda |
| Yale Romanization? | himnayta |
Verb
힘내다 • (himnaeda) (infinitive 힘내 or 힘내어, sequential 힘내니)
- to pluck up one's heart, to gather heart
- 힘내!
- himnae!
- Hold on!, Keep at it!, Hang in there!, Cheer up!
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 힘내다 (himnaeda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 힘낸다 himnaenda |
힘내 himnae |
힘내요, 힘내어요 himnaeyo, himnaeeoyo |
힘냅니다 himnaemnida |
| Past | 힘냈다 himnaetda |
힘냈어 himnaesseo |
힘냈어요 himnaesseoyo |
힘냈습니다 himnaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 힘내느냐 himnaeneunya |
힘내 himnae |
힘내요, 힘내어요 himnaeyo, himnaeeoyo |
힘냅니까 himnaemnikka |
| Past | 힘냈느냐 himnaenneunya |
힘냈어 himnaesseo |
힘냈어요 himnaesseoyo |
힘냈습니까 himnaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 힘내자 himnaeja |
힘내 himnae |
힘내요, 힘내어요 himnaeyo, himnaeeoyo |
힘내십시다 himnaesipsida | |
| Imperative | 힘내라, 힘내어라 himnaera, himnaeeora |
힘내 himnae |
힘내요, 힘내어요 himnaeyo, himnaeeoyo |
힘냅시오 himnaepsio | |
| Assertive | 힘내겠다 himnaegetda |
힘내겠어 himnaegesseo |
힘내겠어요 himnaegesseoyo |
힘내겠습니다 himnaegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 힘내 himnae |
힘내서, 힘내어서 himnaeseo, himnaeeoseo |
힘내니 himnaeni |
힘내니까 himnaenikka | |
| Contrast | 힘내지만 himnaejiman |
힘내는데 himnaeneunde |
힘내더니 himnaedeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 힘내고 himnaego |
||||
| Condition | 힘내면 himnaemyeon |
힘내야, 힘내어야 himnaeya, himnaeeoya |
|||
| Motive | 힘내려고 himnaeryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 힘냄 himnaem |
힘내기 himnaegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 힘냈음, 힘내었음 himnaesseum, himnaeeosseum |
힘냈기, 힘내었기 himnaetgi, himnaeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 힘낸 himnaen | |||
| Present | 힘내는 himnaeneun | ||||
| Future | 힘낼 himnael | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 힘내신다 himnaesinda |
힘내셔 himnaesyeo |
힘내세요, 힘내셔요 himnaeseyo, himnaesyeoyo |
힘내십니다 himnaesimnida |
| Past | 힘내셨다 himnaesyeotda |
힘내셨어 himnaesyeosseo |
힘내셨어요 himnaesyeosseoyo |
힘내셨습니다 himnaesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 힘내시느냐 himnaesineunya |
힘내셔 himnaesyeo |
힘내세요, 힘내셔요 himnaeseyo, himnaesyeoyo |
힘내십니까 himnaesimnikka |
| Past | 힘내셨느냐 himnaesyeonneunya |
힘내셨어 himnaesyeosseo |
힘내셨어요 himnaesyeosseoyo |
힘내셨습니까 himnaesyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 힘내시라 himnaesira |
힘내셔 himnaesyeo |
힘내세요 himnaeseyo |
힘내십시오 himnaesipsio | |
| Assertive | 힘내시겠다 himnaesigetda |
힘내시겠어 himnaesigesseo |
힘내시겠어요 himnaesigesseoyo |
힘내시겠습니다 himnaesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 힘내셔 himnaesyeo |
힘내셔서 himnaesyeoseo |
힘내시니 himnaesini |
힘내시니까 himnaesinikka | |
| Contrast | 힘내시지만 himnaesijiman |
힘내시는데 himnaesineunde |
힘내시더니 himnaesideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 힘내시고 himnaesigo |
||||
| Condition | 힘내시면 himnaesimyeon |
힘내셔야 himnaesyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 힘내시려고 himnaesiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 힘내심 himnaesim |
힘내시기 himnaesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 힘내셨음 himnaesyeosseum |
힘내셨기 himnaesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 힘내신 himnaesin | |||
| Present | 힘내시는 himnaesineun | ||||
| Future | 힘내실 himnaesil | ||||