Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/Sasaq

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saʃaq/

Verb

*Sasaq

(transitive) to sharpen, whet

Descendants

Tsouic
- Tsou: sasa
Southern Formosan
- Bunun: asah
- Paiwan: tataq
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *hasaq
- Philippine
  - Northern Luzon
    - Ilocano: ása
  - Central Luzon
    - Sambalic
      - Bolinao: asa'
      - Abenlen Ayta: aha
      - Mag-Anchi Ayta: aha
  - Greater Central Philippine
    - Central Philippine
      - Tagalog: hasa
      - Visayan
        Tausug: hasa'
    - South Mangyan
      - Hanunoo: ása
    - Palawanic
      - Brooke's Point Palawano: asa'
      - Central Palawano: asaq
    - Subanen
      - Central Subanen: asa'
    - Manobo
      - Agusan Manobo: 'hasà
    - Gorontalo–Mongondow
      - Mongondow: ata'
  - Kalamian
    - Calamian Tagbanwa: asak
  - South Mindanao
    - Tboli: éhék
  - Sangiric
    - Sangir: asa
  - Minahasan: *asaʔ
    - Tombulu: asak
- Barito
  - Sama-Bajaw
    - Inabaknon: hasa'
    - Yakan: asa'
    - Inner Sulu
      - Central Sama: asa'
      - Southern Sama: asah
    - Borneo Coast
      - Mapun: asa'
      - West Coast Bajau: asa'
  - East Barito
    - Ma'anyan: aha
    - Malagasy: asa
  - West Barito
    - Ngaju: asa
- North Bornean
  - Northeast Sabahan
    - Bonggi: asah
  - Southwest Sabahan
    - Dusunic
      - Central Dusun: asa
      - Rungus: asa
      - Kimaragang: asa
      - Tobilung: asa
  - North Sarawakan
    - Bintulu: asek
    - Dayic
      - Kelabit: asa
  - Central Sarawakan
    - Melanau-Kajang
      - Central Melanau: asak
      - Kanowit: asak
    - Punan–Müller-Schwaner
      - Punan
        Punan Bah-Biau: mengaa'
        Punan Tubu: menga'
        Punan Aput: maha'
        Bukitan: ngaha'
        Ukit: ngasa'
      - Müller-Schwaner Punan
        Hovongan: masa
        Kereho: masa
        Aoheng: masa
- Kayanic
  - Kayan–Murik
    - Baram Kayan: asa
    - Busang Kayan: pasaʔ
    - Bahau: haːʔ
    - Punan Merap: maha
  - Segai–Modang
    - Segai: msae̯ʔ
    - Modang: məsae̯ʔ
- Land Dayak
  - Benyadu–Bekati'
    - Benyadu': ngansa
    - Bekati': ngansa
  - Bidayuh
    - Bau Bidayuh: ngasa'
    - Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: ngaasa'
  - Southern Land Dayak
    - Jangkang: ngonsah
    - Ribun: ngoso
- Rejang: aseak
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  - Batak
    - Northern
      - Dairi Batak: asah
      - Karo Batak: asah
    - Southern
      - Toba Batak: asa
      - Simalungun Batak: asah
  - Simeulue: asa
  - Mentawai: asa
- Lampungic
  - Lampung Api: asah
- Malayo-Sumbawan
  - Chamic
    - Acehnese: asah
    - Coastal Chamic
      - Haroi: asăh
      - Cham
        Eastern Cham: ꨔꩍ (thah)
        Western Cham: اتحه (athah)
    - Highlands Chamic
      - Chru–Northern Chamic
        Chru: asah
        Northern Chamic
        Northern Roglai: asah
        Tsat: sa⁵⁵
      - Jarai–Rhade
        Jarai: ăsah
        Rade: asah
  - Malayic
    - Ibanic
      - Iban: ansah
      - Mualang: ansah
      - Seberuang: ansah
    - Banjarese: asah
    - Malayan
      - Malay: asah
        > Indonesian: asah (inherited)
      - Minangkabau: osoh
    - Urak Lawoi': อาซะฮ (asah)
  - Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
    - Sasak: asaq
    - Sumbawa: asa
  - Sundanese: asah
- Old Javanese: asah
  - Javanese: asah
- South Sulawesi
  - Bugis–Tamanic
    - Buginese: asa
    - Embaloh: ansa
  - Northern
    - Mamuju: asa
    - Mandar: asa
    - Torajan
      - Toraja-Sa'dan: asa
      - Tae': asa
  - Seko: *asaː
- Celebic
  - Saluan–Banggai
    - Balantak: asa'
  - Muna–Buton
    - Muna: ansa
  - Kaili–Pamona
    - Pamona: asa
    - Uma: aha'
  - Tomini–Tolitoli
    - Tajio: asa
    - Dampelas: asa
  - Bungku–Tolaki
    - Mori Bawah: moaha
- Chamorro: guåsa'
- Central Malayo-Polynesian
  - Sumba–Flores
    - Kambera: aha
  - Central Maluku
    - East
      - Watubela: ahak
      - Paulohi: asae
      - Asilulu: hasa
    - West
      - Buru (Indonesia): asak
      - Taliabu: hasa
- Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
  - Halmahera-Cenderawasih
    - Biak: yās
  - Oceanic
    - Western Oceanic
      - North New Guinea
        Kairiru: yas
        Manam: ara
      - Meso-Melanesian
        Roviana: asaia
        Simbo: asa
    - Central-Eastern Oceanic
      - Southeast Solomonic
        Bugotu–Gela
        Bughotu: a-aha
        Malaita–Makira
        Lau: sata
        Sa'a: ata-ata
        Arosi: ata
      - Southern Oceanic
        Mota: asa
      - Central Pacific
        Fijian: yaca

References

Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *Sasaq