Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tumëda

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Probably from the same root as *tumma +‎ *-ëda. Possibly ultimately borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?] (compare Faroese stummur (“pitch-black”)), or alternatively from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Latvian tumšs).

Adjective

*tumëda[1]

  1. dark
  2. gloomy

Inflection

Inflection of *tumëda
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *tumëda *tumëdat
accusative *tumëdan *tumëdat
genitive *tumëdan *tumëdadën
*tumëdëidën
partitive *tumëdata *tumëdëita
inessive *tumëdassa
*tumëdahna 		*tumëdëissa
*tumëdëihna
elative *tumëdasta *tumëdëista
illative *tumëdasën *tumëdëisën
adessive *tumëdalla *tumëdëilla
ablative *tumëdalta *tumëdëilta
allative *tumëdalën
*tumëdalëk 		*tumëdëilën
*tumëdëilëk
essive *tumëdana *tumëdëina
translative *tumëdaksi *tumëdëiksi
instructive *tumëdan *tumëdëin
comitative *tumëdanëk *tumëdëinëk
abessive *tumëdatta *tumëdëitta

Descendants

  • Estonian: tume
  • Finnish: tumea (dialectal)
  • Karelian: tumie
  • Livvi: tumei
  • Võro: tummõ
  • Votic: (Jõgõperä) tuma

References

  1. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*tumëda”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[1] (in Finnish)

Further reading

  • “tume”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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