Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bitraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *bʰidrós (“biting, splitting”), equivalent to *bītaną (“to bite”) +‎ *-raz (“adjectival suffix”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbit.rɑz/

Adjective

*bitraz

  1. bitter
    Synonym: *baitraz

Inflection

Declension of *bitraz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bitraz *bitrō *bitrą, -atō *bitrai *bitrôz *bitrō
accusative *bitranǭ *bitrǭ *bitrą, -atō *bitranz *bitrōz *bitrō
genitive *bitras, -is *bitraizōz *bitras, -is *bitraizǫ̂ *bitraizǫ̂ *bitraizǫ̂
dative *bitrammai *bitraizōi *bitrammai *bitraimaz *bitraimaz *bitraimaz
instrumental *bitranō *bitraizō *bitranō *bitraimiz *bitraimiz *bitraimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *bitrô *bitrǭ *bitrô *bitraniz *bitrōniz *bitrōnō
accusative *bitranų *bitrōnų *bitrô *bitranunz *bitrōnunz *bitrōnō
genitive *bitriniz *bitrōniz *bitriniz *bitranǫ̂ *bitrōnǫ̂ *bitranǫ̂
dative *bitrini *bitrōni *bitrini *bitrammaz *bitrōmaz *bitrammaz
instrumental *bitrinē *bitrōnē *bitrinē *bitrammiz *bitrōmiz *bitrammiz

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bitra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 66
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