Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hurnijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hurną (“horn”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxur.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hurnijaną[1]

  1. to use a horn
  2. to blow a horn

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hurnijō *hurnijaų — *hurnijai ?
2nd singular *hurnīsi *hurnijais *hurnī *hurnijasai *hurnijaisau
3rd singular *hurnīþi *hurnijai *hurnijaþau *hurnijaþai *hurnijaiþau
1st dual *hurnijōs *hurnijaiw — — —
2nd dual *hurnijaþiz *hurnijaiþiz *hurnijaþiz — —
1st plural *hurnijamaz *hurnijaim — *hurnijanþai *hurnijainþau
2nd plural *hurnīþ *hurnijaiþ *hurnīþ *hurnijanþai *hurnijainþau
3rd plural *hurnijanþi *hurnijain *hurnijanþau *hurnijanþai *hurnijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hurnidǭ *hurnidēdį̄
2nd singular *hurnidēz *hurnidēdīz
3rd singular *hurnidē *hurnidēdī
1st dual *hurnidēdū *hurnidēdīw
2nd dual *hurnidēdudiz *hurnidēdīdiz
1st plural *hurnidēdum *hurnidēdīm
2nd plural *hurnidēdud *hurnidēdīd
3rd plural *hurnidēdun *hurnidēdīn
present past
participles *hurnijandz *hurnidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hurnijan
    • Old English: hyrnan
    • Old High German: hurnen
      • Middle High German: hürnen
  • Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (haurnjan)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xurnjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 195
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