Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kinnuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Paradigmatic leveling of *kenuz ~ *kunniz, from pre-Proto-Germanic *genus ~ *gunwes, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus (“cheek; jaw; chin”) ~ *ǵn̥wés.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkin.nuz/

Noun

*kinnuz f^[1]

cheek
chin, jaw

Inflection

Declension of *kinnuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kinnuz	*kinniwiz
vocative	*kinnu	*kinniwiz
accusative	*kinnų	*kinnunz
genitive	*kinnauz	*kinniwǫ̂
dative	*kinniwi	*kinnumaz
instrumental	*kinnū	*kinnumiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *kinnu, *kinni
- Old English: ċinn f, ċin, ċyn
  - Middle English: chyn, chin, chinne, chynne, shyne, schyn
    - English: chin
    - Scots: chin, chyn
- Old Frisian: zin
- Old Saxon: kinni n
  - Middle Low German: kinne, kin
    - Low German: Kinn
    - → Old Frisian: kin, ken
      - West Frisian: kin
- Old Dutch: kinni n
  - Middle Dutch: kinne
    - Dutch: kin
      - Afrikaans: kin
      - Negerhollands: kin
      - → Papiamentu: kenchi, kinnetje, kintsje (from the diminutive)
    - Limburgish: kin
    - → German: Kiene (dialectal)
- Old High German: kinni n, chinni
  - Middle High German: kinne, kin
    - Alemannic German: Chimmi
    - German: Kinn
    - Luxembourgish: Kënn
    - Yiddish: קין (kin)
- →? Old French: (“teeth (of a dog or baby)”) [1174, Lorraine, France] (alternatively from or influenced in meaning by chien (“dog”)^[2])
  Anglo-Norman: quenne, quienne
  Old French: quenne
  Old Northern French: cane
  Picard Old French: kenne
  - ⇒ Old French: *quenotte
    - Bourbonnais-Berrichon: quenaude
    - French: quenotte
      - ⇒ French: queniate
    - Picard: kenotte
    - → Occitan: quenote
Old Norse: kinn
- Icelandic: kinn
- Faroese: kinn
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kinn
- Norwegian Bokmål: kinn
- Old Swedish: kin
  - Swedish: kind
- Danish: kind
Gothic: 𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍃 (kinnus)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kinnu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 288
^ Sainéan, L. (1906) “Les noms romans du chien et leurs applications métaphoriques”, in Mémoires de la Soc. de ling., volume XIV

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kinnu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 288

[2] Sainéan, L. (1906) “Les noms romans du chien et leurs applications métaphoriques”, in Mémoires de la Soc. de ling., volume XIV

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[2]