Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/minéwti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *mey- (“small”) +‎ *-néwti (verbal suffix).

Verb

*minéwti[1]

  1. to lessen
  2. to make smaller

Inflection

Imperfective, athematic
3rd singular *minéwti
3rd plural *min‌wénti
Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *minéwmi *minḗm — *minéwoh₂ *min‌uyéh₁m̥
2nd singular *minéwsi *minéws *minéw, *min‌udʰí *minéwesi *min‌uyéh₁s
3rd singular *minéwti *minéwt *minéwtu *minéweti *min‌uyéh₁t
1st dual *min‌uwós *min‌uwé — *minéwowos *min‌wih₁wé
2nd dual *min‌utés *min‌utóm *min‌utóm *minéwetes *min‌wih₁tóm
3rd dual *min‌utés *min‌utā́m *min‌utā́m *minéwetes *min‌wih₁tā́m
1st plural *min‌umós *min‌umé — *minéwomos *min‌wih₁mé
2nd plural *min‌uté *min‌uté *min‌uté *minéwete *min‌wih₁té
3rd plural *min‌wénti *min‌wént *min‌wéntu *minéwonti *min‌wih₁ént
Participle *min‌wónts
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *min‌uh₂ér *min‌uh₂é — *minéwoh₂er *min‌wih₁h₂é
2nd singular *min‌uth₂ér *min‌uth₂é *min‌usó *minéweth₂er *min‌wih₁th₂é
3rd singular *min‌utór, *min‌wór *min‌utó, *min‌wó *? *minéwetor *min‌wih₁tó, *min‌wih₁ó
1st dual *min‌uwósdʰh₂ *min‌uwédʰh₂ — *minéwowosdʰh₂ *min‌wih₁wédʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *min‌umósdʰh₂ *min‌umédʰh₂ — *minéwomosdʰh₂ *min‌wih₁médʰh₂
2nd plural *min‌udʰh₂wé *min‌udʰh₂wé *min‌udʰh₂wé *minéwedʰh₂we *min‌wih₁dʰh₂wé
3rd plural *min‌wn̥tór, *min‌urór *min‌wn̥tó, *min‌uró *? *minéwontor *min‌wih₁ró
Participle *min‌wm̥h₁nós

Reconstruction notes

This verb also influenced the presence of an *n in Proto-Germanic *minniz and Proto-Slavic *mьňьjь despite the verb itself not surviving in Germanic or Slavic.

Descendants

  • Proto-Celtic:
    • Proto-Brythonic:
  • Proto-Italic: *minuō (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*minna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369
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