Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dušmánās

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *dusmenēs. Cognate with Ancient Greek δυσμενής (dusmenḗs).

    Adjective

    *dušmánās[1][2]

    1. ill-dispositioned
    2. perverse-minded

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *duẓmánās[3]
    • Proto-Iranian: *dušmánāh (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Misra, Bal Govind (1967) Historical Phonology of Modern Standard Hindi: Proto-Indo-European to the Present, Cornell University
    2. ^ de Vaan, Michiel (2003) Beekes, R.S.P., Lubotsky, A., Weitenberg, J.J.S., editors, The Avestan Vowels (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 12), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 89
    3. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 163
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