Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/welaisVmos

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

A superlative *-isVmos formation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule, powerful”).

Adjective

*welaisVmos

best

Declension

Declension of *welaisVmos (o/ā-stem)
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*welaisVmos	*welaisVmā	*welaisVmom
vocative	*welaisVme	*welaisVma	*welaisVmom
accusative	*welaisVmom	*welaisVmam	*welaisVmom
genitive	*welaisVmosjo, welaisVmī	*welaisVmās	*welaisVmosjo, welaisVmī
dative	*welaisVmōi	*welaisVmāi	*welaisVmōi
ablative	*welaisVmōd	*welaisVmād	*welaisVmōd
locative	*welaisVmei	*welaisVmāi	*welaisVmei

plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*welaisVmōs, welaisVmoi	*welaisVmās	*welaisVmā
vocative	*welaisVmōs, welaisVmoi	*welaisVmās	*welaisVmā
accusative	*welaisVmons	*welaisVmans	*welaisVmā
genitive	*welaisVmom	*welaisVmāzōm	*welaisVmom
dative	*welaisVmois	*welaisVmais	*welaisVmois
ablative	*welaisVmois	*welaisVmais	*welaisVmois
locative	*welaisVmois	*welaisVmais	*welaisVmois

Reconstruction notes

The positive degree of this superlative adjective is *wolos (< *h₂wolh₁-ós), which appears in Pre-Samnite ϝολος.^[1]
Original e-grade in this superlative is confirmed by South Picene, and possibly also Latin (if with regular rounding *-el- > -ol-).^[2]

Descendants

Oscan: 𐌅𐌀𐌋𐌀𐌉𐌌𐌀𐌔 (valaimas, gen. sg. f.), valaemom (nom./acc. sg. n.)
- → Latin: volaemum
Pre-Samnite: ϝολαισυμος
South Picene: 𐌅𐌄𐌋𐌀𐌉𐌌𐌄𐌔 (velaimes, gen. sg. m.)

References

^ Prósper, Blanca María (2022) “The Tabula Veliterna: A Sacred Law from Central Italy”, in Rivista Italiana di Linguistica e di Dialettologia, volume 24, page 15
^ Nishimura, Kanehiro (2005) “Superlative Suffixes *-ismo- and *-isim̥mo in Sabellian Languages”, in Glotta, volume 81, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISSN, pages 160–183

[1] Prósper, Blanca María (2022) “The Tabula Veliterna: A Sacred Law from Central Italy”, in Rivista Italiana di Linguistica e di Dialettologia, volume 24, page 15

[2] Nishimura, Kanehiro (2005) “Superlative Suffixes *-ismo- and *-isim̥mo in Sabellian Languages”, in Glotta, volume 81, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISSN, pages 160–183

[1]

[2]