Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʕankab(īṯ)-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*ʕankab(īṯ)-

spider

Inflection

Declension of *ʕankab(īṯ)-
case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ʕankab(īṯ)um	*ʕankab(īṯ)āna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*ʕankab(īṯ)am	*ʕankab(īṯ)ayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*ʕankab(īṯ)im	*ʕankab(īṯ)ayna	plural stem + *-īna

possessive forms
1^st person	ʕankab(īṯ)ī / ʕankab(īṯ)Vya	—	*ʕankab(īṯ)Vni
2^nd person m	*ʕankab(īṯ)Vka	ʕankab(īṯ)Vkumā / ʕankab(īṯ)Vkumay	*ʕankab(īṯ)Vkum(ū)
2^nd person f	*ʕankab(īṯ)Vki	ʕankab(īṯ)Vkumā / ʕankab(īṯ)Vkumay	*ʕankab(īṯ)Vkin(ā)
3^rd person m	*ʕankab(īṯ)Všu	ʕankab(īṯ)Všumā / ʕankab(īṯ)Všumay	*ʕankab(īṯ)Všum(ū)
3^rd person f	*ʕankab(īṯ)Vša	ʕankab(īṯ)Všumā / ʕankab(īṯ)Všumay	*ʕankab(īṯ)Všin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʕankab(īṯ)uya for nom. case, *ʕankab(īṯ)iya for gen. case, *ʕankab(īṯ)aya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt), عَنْكَب (ʕankab), عَنْكَبَة (ʕankaba), عَنْكَبَاة (ʕankabāh), عُكَّاش (ʕukkāš) — uncertain
    - Maltese: għanqbut
    - → Middle Armenian: անքապութի (ankʻaputʻi), յանկապութիա (yankaputʻia, “retina”)
    - → Ottoman Turkish: عنكبوت
      - Turkish: ankebut
- Northwest Semitic:
  - Aramaic: עַכָּבִיתָא (ʿakkāḇīṯā)
  - Caananite:
    - Hebrew: עַכָּבִישׁ (akavísh)

References

Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000–2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag