Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḥabl-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*ḥabl- m

rope

Inflection

Declension of *ḥabl-
case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ḥablum	*ḥablāna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*ḥablam	*ḥablayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*ḥablim	*ḥablayna	plural stem + *-īna

possessive forms
1^st person	ḥablī / ḥablVya	—	*ḥablVni
2^nd person m	*ḥablVka	ḥablVkumā / ḥablVkumay	*ḥablVkum(ū)
2^nd person f	*ḥablVki	ḥablVkumā / ḥablVkumay	*ḥablVkin(ā)
3^rd person m	*ḥablVšu	ḥablVšumā / ḥablVšumay	*ḥablVšum(ū)
3^rd person f	*ḥablVša	ḥablVšumā / ḥablVšumay	*ḥablVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ḥabluya for nom. case, *ḥabliya for gen. case, *ḥablaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

East Semitic
- Akkadian: 𒂠 (eblu)
West Semitic
- Central Semitic
  - Arabic: حَبْل (ḥabl)
    - Gulf Arabic: حَبِل (ḥəbel)
    - Maltese: ħabel
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: חַבִלָא (ḥaḇlā)
      - Classical Syriac: ܚܰܒܠܳܐ (ḥaḇlā)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: חֶבֶל (khével, ḥéḇel)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎈𐎁𐎍 (ḥbl /⁠ḥablu⁠/)
  - Old South Arabian
    - Old South Arabian: 𐩢𐩨𐩡 (ḥbl, “pact, alliance”)
- Ethiopian Semitic
  - Amharic: ሀብል (häbl)
  - Ge'ez: ሐብል (ḥäbl)
  - Tigre: ሐብል (ḥäbl)
  - Tigrinya: ሐብሊ (ḥäbli)
- Modern South Arabian
  - Soqotri: ḥábehol

References

Guidi, Ignazio (1879) Della sede primitiva dei popoli semitici (in Italian), Rome: Tipi del Salviucci, page 17
Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 223
Leslau, Wolf (1938) Lexique Soqotri (sudarabique moderne) avec comparaisons et explications étymologiques (in French), Wiesbaden: Libraire C. Klincksieck, page 159
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 107–108
Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 15