Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/libb-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (heart). Cognate with Proto-Berber *ulβ (see Central Atlas Tamazight ⵓⵍ (ul) for more) and Egyptian jb.[1]

Noun

*libb- m

  1. heart

Inflection

Declension of *libb-
case singular dual plural
nominative *libbum *libbāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *libbam *libbayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *libbim
possessive forms
1st person *libbī / *libbVya *libbVni
2nd person m *libbVka *libbVkumā / *libbVkumay *libbVkum(ū)
2nd person f *libbVki *libbVkin(ā)
3rd person m *libbVšu *libbVšumā / *libbVšumay *libbVšum(ū)
3rd person f *libbVša *libbVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *libbuya for nom. case, *libbiya for gen. case, *libbaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒊮 (libbum)
    • Eblaite: 𒇷𒅤 (li-bù /⁠libbu(m)⁠/)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: لُبّ (lubb)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic: לִבָּא (libbā)
        • Canaanite:
        • Ugaritic: 𐎍𐎁 (lb /⁠libbu⁠/)
        • Old South Arabian:
          • Sabaean: 𐩡𐩨 (lb, heart), 𐩡𐩨𐩨 (lbb, palm-heart)
          • Minaean: 𐩡𐩨 (lb)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:

References

  1. ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 31