Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъrda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Vasmer, borrowed from Iranian language, based on the appearance of /r/ in place of /l/; cognate with Old English molda (“head”), Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lifted up, high”), Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhán, “forehead, head, apex”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (ka-mər^əδa, “head”). See Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥Hdʰā́. Possibly connected with synonymous Armenian մռութ (mṙutʻ). Alternatively a deverbal from *mъrdati (“to wag, to wiggle”).

Noun

*mъrda f

muzzle, snout

Inflection

Declension of *mъrda (hard a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mъrda	*mъrdě	*mъrdy
genitive	*mъrdy	*mъrdu	*mъrdъ
dative	*mъrdě	*mъrdama	*mъrdamъ
accusative	*mъrdǫ	*mъrdě	*mъrdy
instrumental	mъrdojǫ, mъrdǫ^**	*mъrdama	*mъrdami
locative	*mъrdě	*mъrdu	mъrdasъ, mъrdaxъ^*
vocative	*mъrdo	*mъrdě	*mъrdy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative forms

*mъrdь
- Bulgarian: мърдъ (mǎrd)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: мо́рда (mórda)
- Russian: мо́рда (mórda), мы́рда (mýrda) (dialectal)
  - → Polish: morda
    - → Czech: morda
- Ukrainian: мо́рда (mórda)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: марда̀ (mardà), мърдй (mǎrdj) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian: (dialectal)
  Cyrillic script: мрда
  
  Latin script: mrda
- Slovene: mŕda (tonal orthography)