Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/aggjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Related to *agiþā (“harrow”).

Verb

*aggjan^[1]

to harrow

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*aggjan
1st sg. past	*agidā
Infinitive	*aggjan
Genitive infin.	*aggjannjas
Dative infin.	*aggjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*aggjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*aggju	*agidā
2nd singular	*agisi	agidēs, agidōs
3rd singular	*agiþi	agidē, agidā
1st plural	*aggjum	*agidum
2nd plural	*agiþ	*agidud
3rd plural	*aggjanþ	*agidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*aggjē	*agidī
2nd singular	*aggjēs	*agidī
3rd singular	*aggjē	*agidī
1st plural	*aggjēm	*agidīm
2nd plural	*aggjēþ	*agidīd
3rd plural	*aggjēn	*agidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*agi
Plural	*agiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*aggjandī	*agid

Related terms

*aggjōn

Descendants

Old English: eċġan
- Middle English: eggen (Likely merged with the descendant of *aggjōn)
  - English: edge
Old Saxon: *eggian
- Middle Low German: eggen
- ⇒ Old Saxon: gieggian
Old Dutch: *eggen (and / or from *aggjōn)
- Middle Dutch: eggen
  - Dutch: eggen
    - Afrikaans: eg
Old High German: ecken
- Middle High German: eggen, egen, ecken (with -gg- through low german influence)
  - German: eggen

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*agiþō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 4: “agjan-”

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*agiþō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 4: “agjan-”

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