Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-chukia (infinitive kuchukia)
- to hate
- Synonym: -zira
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -chukia
|
| Positive present
|
-nachukia
|
| Subjunctive
|
-chukie
|
| Negative
|
-chukii
|
| Imperative singular
|
chukia
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
chukia
|
| Plural
|
chukieni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huchukia
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lichukia
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuchukia
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachukia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninachukia/nachukia
|
tunachukia
|
| 2nd person
|
unachukia
|
mnachukia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anachukia
|
wanachukia
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nachukia
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -chukii)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sichukii
|
hatuchukii
|
| 2nd person
|
huchukii
|
hamchukii
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hachukii
|
hawachukii
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -chukii
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tachukia
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tachukia
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chukie)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nichukie
|
tuchukie
|
| 2nd person
|
uchukie
|
mchukie
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achukie
|
wachukie
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -chukie
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sichukie
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngechukia
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singechukia
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalichukia
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalichukia
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achukia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nachukia
|
twachukia
|
| 2nd person
|
wachukia
|
mwachukia
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achukia
|
wachukia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wachukia
|
yachukia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lachukia
|
yachukia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chachukia
|
vyachukia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yachukia
|
zachukia
|
| u(XI)
|
wachukia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwachukia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pachukia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwachukia
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mechukia
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshachukia
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jachukia
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kichukia
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipochukia
|
| Consecutive
|
kachukia / positive subject concord + -kachukia
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kachukie
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nichukia
|
-tuchukia
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuchukia
|
-wachukia/-kuchukieni/-wachukieni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mchukia
|
-wachukia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uchukia
|
-ichukia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lichukia
|
-yachukia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kichukia
|
-vichukia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ichukia
|
-zichukia
|
| u(XI)
|
-uchukia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuchukia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pachukia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muchukia
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jichukia
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chukia- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-chukiaye
|
-chukiao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-chukiao
|
-chukiayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-chukialo
|
-chukiayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chukiacho
|
-chukiavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-chukiayo
|
-chukiazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-chukiao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-chukiako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-chukiapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-chukiamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chukia)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yechukia
|
-ochukia
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ochukia
|
-yochukia
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lochukia
|
-yochukia
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chochukia
|
-vyochukia
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yochukia
|
-zochukia
|
| u(XI)
|
-ochukia
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kochukia
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pochukia
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mochukia
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Causative: -chukiza
- Passive: -chukiwa
- Reciprocal: -chukiana
- Stative: -chukika