See also: chunua
Swahili
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-chuna (infinitive kuchuna)
- to skin, flay; scrape off
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -chuna
|
| Positive present
|
-nachuna
|
| Subjunctive
|
-chune
|
| Negative
|
-chuni
|
| Imperative singular
|
chuna
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuchuna
|
| Negative
|
kutochuna
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
chuna
|
| Plural
|
chuneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huchuna
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lichuna
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuchuna
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nachuna)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninachuna/nachuna
|
tunachuna
|
| 2nd person
|
unachuna
|
mnachuna
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anachuna
|
wanachuna
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nachuna
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -chuni)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sichuni
|
hatuchuni
|
| 2nd person
|
huchuni
|
hamchuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hachuni
|
hawachuni
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -chuni
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tachuna
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tachuna
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -chune)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nichune
|
tuchune
|
| 2nd person
|
uchune
|
mchune
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achune
|
wachune
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -chune
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sichune
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngechuna
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singechuna
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalichuna
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalichuna
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -achuna)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nachuna
|
twachuna
|
| 2nd person
|
wachuna
|
mwachuna
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
achuna
|
wachuna
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wachuna
|
yachuna
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lachuna
|
yachuna
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chachuna
|
vyachuna
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yachuna
|
zachuna
|
| u(XI)
|
wachuna
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwachuna
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pachuna
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwachuna
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mechuna
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshachuna
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jachuna
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kichuna
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipochuna
|
| Consecutive
|
kachuna / positive subject concord + -kachuna
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kachune
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nichuna
|
-tuchuna
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuchuna
|
-wachuna/-kuchuneni/-wachuneni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mchuna
|
-wachuna
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uchuna
|
-ichuna
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lichuna
|
-yachuna
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kichuna
|
-vichuna
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ichuna
|
-zichuna
|
| u(XI)
|
-uchuna
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuchuna
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pachuna
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muchuna
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jichuna
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -chuna- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-chunaye
|
-chunao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-chunao
|
-chunayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-chunalo
|
-chunayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chunacho
|
-chunavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-chunayo
|
-chunazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-chunao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-chunako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-chunapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-chunamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -chuna)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yechuna
|
-ochuna
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ochuna
|
-yochuna
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lochuna
|
-yochuna
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chochuna
|
-vyochuna
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yochuna
|
-zochuna
|
| u(XI)
|
-ochuna
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kochuna
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pochuna
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mochuna
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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