Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic كَرَمَ (karama).
Verb
-kirimu (infinitive kukirimu)
- to entertain, to be hospitable
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kirimu
|
| Positive present
|
-nakirimu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kirimu
|
| Negative
|
-kirimu
|
| Imperative singular
|
kirimu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kirimu
|
| Plural
|
kirimuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukirimu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likirimu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukirimu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakirimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakirimu/nakirimu
|
tunakirimu
|
| 2nd person
|
unakirimu
|
mnakirimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakirimu
|
wanakirimu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakirimu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kirimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikirimu
|
hatukirimu
|
| 2nd person
|
hukirimu
|
hamkirimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakirimu
|
hawakirimu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kirimu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takirimu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takirimu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kirimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikirimu
|
tukirimu
|
| 2nd person
|
ukirimu
|
mkirimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akirimu
|
wakirimu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kirimu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikirimu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekirimu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekirimu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikirimu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikirimu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akirimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakirimu
|
twakirimu
|
| 2nd person
|
wakirimu
|
mwakirimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akirimu
|
wakirimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakirimu
|
yakirimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakirimu
|
yakirimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakirimu
|
vyakirimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakirimu
|
zakirimu
|
| u(XI)
|
wakirimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakirimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakirimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakirimu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekirimu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakirimu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakirimu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikirimu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokirimu
|
| Consecutive
|
kakirimu / positive subject concord + -kakirimu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakirimu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikirimu
|
-tukirimu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukirimu
|
-wakirimu/-kukirimuni/-wakirimuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkirimu
|
-wakirimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukirimu
|
-ikirimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likirimu
|
-yakirimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikirimu
|
-vikirimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikirimu
|
-zikirimu
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukirimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukirimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakirimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukirimu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikirimu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kirimu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kirimuye
|
-kirimuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kirimuo
|
-kirimuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kirimulo
|
-kirimuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kirimucho
|
-kirimuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kirimuyo
|
-kirimuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kirimuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kirimuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kirimupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kirimumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kirimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekirimu
|
-okirimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okirimu
|
-yokirimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokirimu
|
-yokirimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokirimu
|
-vyokirimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokirimu
|
-zokirimu
|
| u(XI)
|
-okirimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokirimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokirimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokirimu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|