Swahili
Verb
-punguzana (infinitive kupunguzana)
- Reciprocal form of -punguza
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -punguzana
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| Positive present
|
-napunguzana
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| Subjunctive
|
-punguzane
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| Negative
|
-punguzani
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| Imperative singular
|
punguzana
|
|
| Infinitives
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| Imperatives
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| Singular
|
punguzana
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| Plural
|
punguzaneni
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| Tensed forms
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| Habitual
|
hupunguzana
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| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipunguzana
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| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupunguzana
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| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napunguzana)
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Singular
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Plural
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| 1st person
|
ninapunguzana/napunguzana
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tunapunguzana
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| 2nd person
|
unapunguzana
|
mnapunguzana
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| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapunguzana
|
wanapunguzana
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| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napunguzana
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| Negative present (negative subject concord + -punguzani)
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Singular
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Plural
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| 1st person
|
sipunguzani
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hatupunguzani
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| 2nd person
|
hupunguzani
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hampunguzani
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| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapunguzani
|
hawapunguzani
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| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -punguzani
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| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapunguzana
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| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapunguzana
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|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -punguzane)
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|
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Singular
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Plural
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| 1st person
|
nipunguzane
|
tupunguzane
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| 2nd person
|
upunguzane
|
mpunguzane
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| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apunguzane
|
wapunguzane
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| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -punguzane
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| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipunguzane
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| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepunguzana
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| Negative present conditional
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positive subject concord + -singepunguzana
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| Positive past conditional
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positive subject concord + -ngalipunguzana
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| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipunguzana
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| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apunguzana)
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Singular
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Plural
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| 1st person
|
napunguzana
|
twapunguzana
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| 2nd person
|
wapunguzana
|
mwapunguzana
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| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apunguzana
|
wapunguzana
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| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapunguzana
|
yapunguzana
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| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapunguzana
|
yapunguzana
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| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapunguzana
|
vyapunguzana
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| n(IX/X)
|
yapunguzana
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zapunguzana
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| u(XI)
|
wapunguzana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
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| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapunguzana
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| pa(XVI)
|
papunguzana
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| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapunguzana
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| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepunguzana
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| "Already"
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positive subject concord + -meshapunguzana
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| "Not yet"
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negative subject concord + -japunguzana
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| "If/When"
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positive subject concord + -kipunguzana
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| "If not"
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positive subject concord + -sipopunguzana
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| Consecutive
|
kapunguzana / positive subject concord + -kapunguzana
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| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapunguzane
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| Object concord (indicative positive)
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Singular
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Plural
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| 1st person
|
-nipunguzana
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-tupunguzana
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| 2nd person
|
-kupunguzana
|
-wapunguzana/-kupunguzaneni/-wapunguzaneni
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| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpunguzana
|
-wapunguzana
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| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upunguzana
|
-ipunguzana
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| ji-ma(V/VI)
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-lipunguzana
|
-yapunguzana
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| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipunguzana
|
-vipunguzana
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| n(IX/X)
|
-ipunguzana
|
-zipunguzana
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| u(XI)
|
-upunguzana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
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| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupunguzana
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| pa(XVI)
|
-papunguzana
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| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupunguzana
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| Reflexive
|
-jipunguzana
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| Relative forms
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| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -punguzana- + relative marker)
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|
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Singular
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Plural
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| m-wa(I/II)
|
-punguzanaye
|
-punguzanao
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| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-punguzanao
|
-punguzanayo
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| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-punguzanalo
|
-punguzanayo
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| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-punguzanacho
|
-punguzanavyo
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| n(IX/X)
|
-punguzanayo
|
-punguzanazo
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| u(XI)
|
-punguzanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-punguzanako
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| pa(XVI)
|
-punguzanapo
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| mu(XVIII)
|
-punguzanamo
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| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -punguzana)
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Singular
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Plural
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| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepunguzana
|
-opunguzana
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| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opunguzana
|
-yopunguzana
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| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopunguzana
|
-yopunguzana
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| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopunguzana
|
-vyopunguzana
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| n(IX/X)
|
-yopunguzana
|
-zopunguzana
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| u(XI)
|
-opunguzana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
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| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopunguzana
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| pa(XVI)
|
-popunguzana
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| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopunguzana
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| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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