Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yidge

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yidge

jujube

Declension

Declension of *yidge
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yidge
accusative	yidgeg, yidgeni¹⁾
genitive	*yidgeniŋ
dative	*yidgeke
locative	*yidgede
ablative	*yidgeden
allative	*yidgegerü
instrumental ²⁾	*yidgen
equative ²⁾	*yidgeče
similative ²⁾	*yidgeleyü
comitative ²⁾	*yidgeligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

*yidgelek (“berry”)
*čiye + *yidgelek
- *čiyelek (“strawberry”)

Descendants

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: iydə
  - Ottoman Turkish: ایكده (iğde), اگده (iğde)
    - Turkish: iğde (“oleaster, silverberry; silverberry tree”)
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: igde
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (yigde) (Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk)
  - Uzbek: jiyda
Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
  - Nogai:
  - Karakalpak: жийде (jiyde)
  - Kazakh: жиде (jide)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жийде (jiyde)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 911
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 202
Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 325-326
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jidge, *jidgelek”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 122, 140


barley: *arpa	beans, peas: *burčak	farro, wheat: *bugday
jujube: *yidge	berry: *yidgelek	strawberry: čige, čigelek
apple: *almïla	walnut: *yaŋgak	honey: *bal
millet: *tarïg	onion: *sōgun	salt: *tūŕ
egg: *yumurtka	butter: *yāg	mushroom: *kömbe
radish: turp, turma	carrot: *turma	hazelnut: *bōńurï